Gazi Hüsrev Pasha

Gazi Hüsrev Pasha (? – 1632), also called Boşnak Hüsrev Pasha or Ekrem Hüsrev Pasha, was an Ottoman grand vizier in the 17th century (during the stagnation of the empire).

Contents

Early life

He was of Bosnian descent. He studied in the Enderun (palace school). In 1625, he was promoted to be the vizier (minister).[1] During the second Abaza rebellion, Damat Halil Pasha, the grand vizier tried to capture the fort of Erzurum (East Turkey), then under the control of Abaza Mehmet Pasha. But after a siege of 70 days he failed to capture the city and he was dismissed. Hüsrev Pasha was appointed as the new grand vizier on 6 April 1628.

Grand vizier

Hüsrev Pasha immediately laid a siege on Erzurum on 5 September 1628. The operation was faster than Abaza had anticipated and the city was not ready for a long siege. On 18 September Abaza Mehmet surrendered. Hüsrev's easy victory to end a long and costly rebellion gained him fame. He became the de facto ruler of the empire. According to Historian Joseph von Hammer, Hüsrev's instructions were more effective than the instructions of the 15 years old sultan Murat IV. He decreased the number of viziers in the porte and he made a habit of executing all of his opponents.

Bagdat campaign

Hüsrev's next mission was to reconquer Bagdat (capital of modern Iraq), the Ottoman city which had recently been captured by the Safavid shah Abbas I of Persia. In late 1629, he began invading Persian territory around Bagdat. But it was the rainy season and it was impossible to lay a siege on the city. So he chose to capture other cities around. One of his subordinates defeated a Persian army. The siege of Bagdat bagan on 22 June 1930 and continued up to 14 November 1630 without success. After this failure, he decided to continue the operation in 1631. But he wasted too much time in 1631 on the pretext that he was waiting for the reinforcements. On 25 October 1631 he was dismissed.[2]

Death

The news about Hüsrev's dismiss caused a general unrest in the empire. Hüsrev's successor Hafız Ahmet Pasha was killed by the rebels in the palace. The sultan accused Hüsrev for the unrest and he sent another pasha to Tokat (Central North Turkey), the city where Hüsrev was residing to execute him. After some minor clashes, Hüsrev was executed in March 1632.[3]

See also

References

  1. ^ Ayhan Buz: Osmanlı sadrazamları, Neden Kitap, İstanbul, 2009, ISBN 978-975-254-278-5 p.92
  2. ^ Joseph von Hammer: Osmanlı Tarihi (condensation: Mehmet Ata) Milliyet Yayınları, İstanbul, cilt II pp 200–201
  3. ^ Prof.Yaşar Yücel-Prof Ali Sevim: Türkiye Tarihi III, AKDTYKTTK Yayınları, 1991, p 69-71
Preceded by
Damat Halil Pasha		 Grand Vizier
6 April 1628 – 25 October 1631		 Succeeded by
Filibeli Hafız Ahmet Pasha
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